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Class 12 Geography (Indian-People and Economy) Chapter 8 International Trade

Chapter 8 of Class 12 Geography, titled “International Trade,” explores the role of trade in the global economy, focusing on India’s position in international trade. The chapter covers the types of international trade, including imports and exports, and the factors that influence global trade patterns. It discusses the significance of trade agreements, tariffs, and trade blocs, as well as the impact of globalization on India’s trade relations. The chapter also examines the major exports and imports of India, including goods and services, and how international trade affects India’s economy and development. This quiz will assess your understanding of the key concepts related to international trade, India’s trade policies, and the global economic dynamics that influence trade.

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Category: Definition of International Trade

1. How might the reduction in import duties affect India’s competitiveness in the global market for electronic goods?

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Category: Western Coast: Kandla (Deendayal), Mumbai, Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva), Marmagao, New Mangalore, Kochi

2. Which port is known as the ‘Queen of the Arabian Sea’?

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Category: Direction of India’s Trade

3. Which region is considered a major competitor to India in terms of textile exports?

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Category: India’s Role in Global Trade

4. Between 2017-18 and 2021-22, India managed to increase its export volume significantly with one particular region due to competitive pricing strategies. If Africa’s imports from India increased from \$48 billion to \$72 billion in this period, what was the approximate average annual percentage increase in trade with Africa?

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Category: Eastern Coast: Kolkata (Haldia), Paradwip, Visakhapatnam, Chennai, Ennore, Tuticorin

5. Where is Paradwip Port situated?

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Category: Impact of economic policies on import composition

6. How did the import duty reduction on electronic components in 2015 influence the import volume of these goods, considering both direct and indirect effects within a span of five years?

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Category: Trade Deficit and Balance of Payments

7. What could be a potential economic implication if India continues to have a persistent trade deficit?

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Category: Key import commodities (petroleum, machinery, gold & silver, edible oils, fertilizers)

8. Which of the following commodities can India potentially develop substitutes for through local initiatives?

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Category: Major Trading Partners (2021-22)

9. Given India’s consistent trade deficit from 2004-05 to 2021-22, what might be a possible implication of this trend?

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Category: Regional Trends

10. Which of the following ports is known for handling a significant amount of bulk cargo, particularly coal and iron ore exports in India?

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Category: Government initiatives for port modernization

11. What was the cargo handling capacity of Indian ports in 1951?

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Category: Characteristics of Major Ports

12. Where is the Visakhapatnam Port located?

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Category: Major categories: Agriculture, Ores & Minerals, Manufactured Goods, Petroleum & Products

13. What percentage of total export value was contributed by manufactured goods if agriculture and allied products contributed 15\%, ores and minerals contributed 10\%, and petroleum and products contributed 20\% in 2021-22?

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Category: Major Ports in India

14. Which of the following ports has Karnataka as its major hinterland?

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Category: Changing Pattern of the Composition of India’s Exports

15. Identify reasons for the decline in traditional export items. What is a major reason for the decline in the export of traditional agricultural items like cashew?

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Category: Competition from China and East Asia

16. Given India’s aim to boost engineering goods exports, analyze the challenges posed by competitors like South Korea and Japan in terms of technology and innovation.

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Category: Decline in traditional exports (cashew, tea) and increase in new sectors (engineering goods, IT services)

17. (A) The decline in traditional exports like tea and cashew has affected India’s trade balance negatively.
(R) The increase in the export of engineering goods and IT services has fully compensated for the decline in traditional exports.

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Category: Role of air transport in trade

18. Despite its high costs, air transport remains strategically important for international trade. Which policy measure can enhance its role while mitigating cost concerns for exporters?

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Category: Impact of global economic fluctuations

19. Which country emerged as a primary competitor to India in the textile sector in the early 21st century?

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Category: Hinterland connections

20. Which Indian state is part of the hinterland for Chennai Port?

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Category: Importance of Trade for Economic Growth

21. If India aims to reduce its trade deficit, which of the following strategies is most likely to be effective in the short term?

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Category: Airports and International Trade

22. Given the high cost and operational limitations of air transport in international trade, which strategic initiative would most effectively enhance India’s competitiveness in global markets by optimizing its current infrastructure?

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Category: Strategic importance of each port

23. Which port is located on the eastern coast of India and plays a significant role in coal export?

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Category: Trade Routes

24. Which of the following is a disadvantage of air transport compared to sea transport in terms of cost efficiency?

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Category: Shift from foodgrain imports (1950s-60s) to energy and industrial goods

25. What trend is observed in the import of petroleum products in India’s trade composition over recent years?

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Category: Challenges in International Trade

26. Which of the following commodities saw an increase in import share from 2015-16 to 2021-22?

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Category: Introduction to International Trade

27. Which commodity was one of the top three major imports to India in 2020-21?

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Category: Ports: Gateways of International Trade

28. Which port’s hinterland includes the industrial regions of Maharashtra and parts of Madhya Pradesh?

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Category: UDAN Scheme and its impact

29. What economic impact is associated with the UDAN scheme on local businesses?

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Category: Changes in export trends (1950s to 2021-22)

30. How did the share of manufactured goods in India’s exports change from 2015-16 to 2021-22?

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Category: Natural vs. artificial ports

31. Which of the following is an example of a natural port?

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Category: Major international airports handling trade

32. Given the constraints of high cost associated with air transport, how does it compare with rail transport in terms of handling perishable goods under the UDAN scheme initiative?

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Category: Dependence on petroleum imports

33. If India decides to significantly reduce its dependency on petroleum imports by investing \$10 billion annually in renewable energy over the next decade, what is a potential long-term economic implication of this strategy?

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